گیاهان دارویی به عنوان کمک ایمنی‌های امیدوار کننده برای واکسن‌های ماهیان
Keywords:
واکسن‌های ماهیان, تنظیم ایمنی, محرک ایمنی, سرکوب ایمنی, ادجوانت, ایمنولوژیAbstract
علی‌رغم مطالعات متنوع پیرامون اثرات درمانی گیاهان دارویی علیه بیماری‌های عفونی ماهیان، بیشتر این مطالعات به اثرات پاراکلینیکی پرداخته و مکانیسم‌های دقیق مواد موثره گیاهان دارویی بر روی اعمال ایمونوفیزیولوژیک ماهیان کم‌تر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. با این حال نقش برخی از گیاهان دارویی در تنظیم سیستم ایمنی( محرک ایمنی و یا سرکوب ایمنی) در ماهیان پرورشی به خوبی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است به گونه ایی امروزه کاربرد برخی گیاهان دارویی بر اعمال ایمونولوژیک مانند فاگوسیتوز، عامل مکمل، تحریک جمعیت لکوسیتی( نوتروفیلی و لنفوسیتوز) مورد توجه محققان قرار گرفته است. گیاهان دارویی به عنوان لیگاندهایی برای گیرنده‌های TLR عمل کرده و از این طریق موجب پاسخهای ایمنی متنوعی به واسطه گیرنده‌های TLR می‌شوند که بسته به نوع گیاهان دارویی و مواد موثره آن‌ها قدرت این پاسخهای ایمنی متفاوت است. برخی گیاهان دارویی موجب بروز پاسخهای قبل‌التهابی می‌شوند در حالی که برخی دیگر از گیاهان دارویی موجب بروز پاسخ های ضدالتهابی در جانور می‌شوند. طی چند سال اخیرمطالعاتی هر چند اندک بر روی برخی گیاهان دارویی به عنوان مواد کمک ایمنی (ادجوانت) واکسن‌های ماهیان انجام گرفته و نتایج حاصله امیدوارکننده بوده است. در این مقاله یافته‌های علمی حاصل از نقش کمک ایمنی گیاهان دارویی برای واکسن های ماهیان مورد بحث و بررسی قرار می‌گیرد.
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