Preparing chitosan–Polypyrrole nanocomposite film and evaluation of its mechanical, electrical, and antimicrobial properties
کلمات کلیدی:
Chitosan, Polypyrrole, conducting polymer, nanocomposite, biodegradabilityچکیده
In this study, chitosan–Polypyrrole film was prepared with a combination of different concentrations of Polypyrrole and various synthesis times to produce antimicrobial and biodegradable packaging film. The physical, electrical, and mechanical properties of the films were investigated. The interaction between chitosan and Polypyrrole was confirmed by Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction patterns. The size and morphology of the synthesized particles were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the synthesized Polypyrrole particles had a spherical shape (45–100 nm). The antimicrobial and antifungal activity of the films against Aspergillus niger fungi (antifungal area: 61.47 mm2) and Escherichia coli bacteria (antimicrobial area: 187.27 mm2) increased with increasing the concentration of Polypyrrole. The results obtained from the study of the effect of Polypyrrole on the electrical conductivity of the chitosan film showed that increasing the Polypyrrole concentration and synthesis time resulted in decreased electrical resistance of the film, for which the film with the highest Polypyrrole concentration and the highest synthesize time had the lowest resistance. According to the mechanical property results, tensile strength (TS) and elastic modulus were increased due to the addition of the Polypyrrole to the polymer matrix. The chitosan blank film had a lower TS than nanocomposites. As the final results, the chitosan–Polypyrrole film has good electrical conductivity, indicating thatthe produced film could be used in intelligent food packaging.
مراجع
[1] Pirsa S, Shamusi T and Moghaddas Kia T. Smart films based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers modified by conductive polypyrrole and zinc oxide nanoparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2018; 135(34): 46617.
[2] Mohammadi B, Pirsa S, Alizadeh M. Preparing chitosan–polyaniline nanocomposite film and examining its mechanical, electrical, and antimicrobial properties. Polymers and Polymer Composites. 2019 Oct;27(8):507-17.
[3] Alexandre M and Dubois P. Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials.Mater Sci Eng 2000; 28(1): 1–63.
[4] Luo Y and Wang Q. Recent advances of chitosan and its derivatives for novel applications in food science. J Food Proc Beverage 2013: 1, (1):1-13.
[5] Je J-Y and Kim S-K. Chitosan derivatives killed bacteria by disrupting the outer and inner membrane. J Agric Food Chem 2006; 54(18): 6629-6633.
[6] Rabea EI, Badawy ME-T, Stevens CV, et al. Chitosan as antimicrobial agent: applications and mode of action. Biomacromolecules 2003; 4(6): 1457-1465.
[7] Malinauskas A. Chemical deposition of conducting polymers. Polymer 2001; 42(9): 3957–3972.
[8] Li, C., Su, Y., Lv, X., Xia, H., Shi, H., Yang, X., ... & Wang, Y. (2012). Controllable anchoring of gold nanoparticles to polypyrrole nanofibers by hydrogen bonding and their application in nonenzymatic glucose sensors. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 38(1), 402-406.
[9] Stewart, E. M., Liu, X., Clark, G. M., Kapsa, R. M. I., & Wallace, G. G. (2012). Inhibition of smooth muscle cell adhesion and proliferation on heparin-doped polypyrrole. Acta Biomaterialia, 8(1), 194-200.
[10] West, N., Baker, P., Waryo, T., Ngece, F. R., Iwuoha, E. I., O’Sullivan, C., & Katakis, I. (2013). Highly sensitive gold-overoxidized polypyrrole nanocomposite immunosensor for antitransglutaminase antibody. Journal of bioactive and compatible polymers, 28(2), 167-177.
[11] Casariego A, Souza B and Cerqueira M. Chitosan/clay films’ properties as affected by biopolymer and clay micro/nanoparticles’concentrations. Food Hydrocoll 2009; 23(7): 1895–1902.
[12] Dashipour A, Razavilar V and Hosseini H. Antioxidant and antimicrobial carboxymethyl cellulose films containing Zataria multiflora essential oil. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 72: 606–613.
[13] Lee D, Powers K and Baney R. Physicochemical properties and blood compatibility of acylated chitosan nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2004; 58: 371–377.
[14] Silva RC, Sarmento MV, Nogueira FA, et al. Enhancing the electrochromic response of polyaniline films by the preparation of hybrid materials based on polyaniline, chitosan and organically modified clay. RSC Adv 2014; 4(29): 14948–14955.
[15] R. E. Partch, S. G. Gangoli, E. Matijevic, W. Cai and S. Arajs, “Conducting Polymer Composites I: Surface- Induced Polymerization of Pyrrole on Iron(III) and Cerium (IV) Oxide Particles,” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 144, No. 1, 1991, pp. 27-35.
[16] J. Y. Ouyang and Y. F. Li, “Great Improvement of Polypyrrole Films Prepared Electrochemically from Aqueous Solutions by Adding Nonaphenol Polyethyleneoxy (10) Ether,” Polymer, Vol. 38, No. 15, 1997, pp. 3997-3999.
[17] Abdollahi M, Rezaei M and Farzi G. A novel active bionanocomposite film incorporating rosemary essential oil and nanoclay into chitosan. J Food Eng 2012; 111(2): 343–350.
[18] Zhang M, Li X, Gong Y, et al. Properties and biocompatibility of chitosan films modified by blending with PEG. Biomaterials 2002; 23(13): 2641–2648.
[19] Xu XH, Ren GL, Cheng J, et al. Self-assembly of polyaniline-grafted chitosan/glucose oxidase nanolayered films for electrochemical biosensor applications. J Mater Sci 2006; 41(15): 4974–4977.
[20] Yavuz AG, Uygun A and Bhethanabotla VR. Preparation of substituted polyaniline/chitosan composites by in situ electropolymerization and their application to glucose sensing. Carbohydr Polym 2010; 81(3): 712–719.
[21] P. Jayamurgan, V. Ponnuswamy, S. Ashokan, T. Mahalingam, The effect of dopant on structural, thermal and morphological properties of DBSA-doped polypyrrole,Iran. Polym. J. 22 (2013) 219–225.
[22] Y.-C. Liu, H.-T. Le, S.-J. Yang, Strategy for the syntheses of isolated fine silver nanoparticles and polypyrrole/ silver nanocomposites on gold substrates, Electrochim. Acta 51 (2006) 3441-3445.
[23] A. Batool, F. Kanwal, M. Imran, T. Jamil, S. A. Siddiqi, Synthesis of polypyrrole/zinc oxide composites and study of their structural, thermal and electrical properties, Synth. Met. 161 (2012)2753– 2758.
[24] H.P. de Oliveira, L.S. Cavalcanti, N.B. Cavalcanti, I.S. Nascimento, S.F. Pascholati, L.F.P. Gusmão, A.G.C. Macêdo, M.M. da Costa, Antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesizedby the fungus Curvularia inaequalis, Afric. J Biotech. 12 (2013) 2917-2923.
[25] A. Varesano, C. Vineis, A. Aluigi, F. Rombaldoni, C. Tonetti, G. Mazzuchetti, Antibacterial efficacy of polypyrrole in textile applications, Fibers Polym. 14 (2013) 36–42.
