مروری بر همسرکشی توسط زنان: علل، الگوها و پیامدهای روانشناختی و اجتماعی
Keywords:
همسرکشی, خشونت خانوادگی, قتل توسط زنان, روانشناسی جناییAbstract
این مقاله با هدف بررسی پدیده همسرکشی توسط زنان، به تحلیل علل، الگوهای رفتاری و پیامدهای روانی و اجتماعی آن میپردازد. روش تحقیق بهصورت مرور نظاممند متون علمی و مطالعات انجامشده در بازهی زمانی ۲۰۰۰ تا ۲۰۲۵ طراحی شده و با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای منابع معتبر، تلاش شده تصویری جامع از این پدیده ترسیم گردد. یافتهها نشان میدهد که زنان مرتکب همسرکشی اغلب سابقه تجربه خشونت خانگی، مشکلات روانی، فشارهای اجتماعی یا انگیزههای خانوادگی داشتهاند. الگوهای ارتکاب قتل از نظر ابزار و میزان برنامهریزی تنوع قابل توجهی دارد. از سوی دیگر، پیامدهای این اقدام نهتنها شامل آسیبهای روانی و قانونی برای زنان مرتکب است، بلکه خانوادههای قربانی و مرتکب را نیز با بحرانهای اجتماعی و عاطفی جدی مواجه میسازد. این مطالعه با روشنسازی ابعاد چندلایه همسرکشی توسط زنان، بر ضرورت سیاستگذاری پیشگیرانه و ارتقای حمایتهای روانی-اجتماعی برای زنان در معرض خشونت تأکید دارد.
در نهایت، فهم عمیقتر این پدیده میتواند زمینهساز تدوین راهکارهای مؤثر در کاهش خشونت خانگی و پیشگیری از جرائم مشابه باشد.
Downloads
References
1.
Campbell, J. C., Glass, N., Sharps, P. W., Laughon, K., & Bloom, T. (2021). Intimate partner homicide: Review and implications of research and policy. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 22(3), 467–480. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838019895175
2.
Dobash, R. E., & Dobash, R. P. (1979). Violence against wives: A case against the patriarchy. New York: Free Press.
3.
Stark, E. (2007). Coercive control: How men entrap women in personal life. Oxford University Press.
4.
Petrosky, E., Blair, J. M., Betz, C. J., Fowler, K. A., Jack, S. P., & Lyons, B. H. (2017). Racial and ethnic differences in homicides of adult women and the role of intimate partner violence — United States, 2003–2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 66(28), 741–746. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6628a1
5.
Weiss, E. L., & Timmons Fritz, P. A. (2020). A systematic review of self-defense as a mitigating factor in the sentencing of battered women who kill. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 35(3-4), 924–948. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260516681885
6.
Walker, L. E. (2009). The battered woman syndrome (3rd ed.). Springer Publishing Company.- Sabri, B., Campbell, J. C., & Messing, J. T. (2020). Intimate partner violence against women: The impact of societal and cultural norms. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(3), 529–542. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838018781109
7.
Sabri, B., Campbell, J. C., & Messing, J. T. (2020). Intimate partner violence against women: The impact of societal and cultural norms. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(3), 529–542. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838018781109
8.
Weiss, E. L., & Timmons Fritz, P. A. (2020). A systematic review of self-defense as a mitigating factor in the sentencing of battered women who kill. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 35(3-4), 924–948. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260516681885
9.
Messing, J. T., Campbell, J., & Wilson, J. S. (2019). Risk factors for intimate partner homicide among ethnically diverse women: An analysis across five years. Violence Against Women, 25(7), 787–808. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801218807090
10.
Johnson, M. P., & Leone, J. M. (2019). The differential effects of intimate terrorism and situational couple violence: Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey. Journal of Family Issues, 40(10), 1336–1357. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X19840355
11.
Nazari, M. (2020). How to build a conceptual model for research? Maryam Nazari Website.
12.
Akhrami, N. (2022). A review of psychological theories of aggression and violence. Aria Press.
13.
Walker, L. E. (1979). The battered woman. New York: Harper & Row.
14.
Namazi, A., & Homayounfar, M. (2022). A review of theoretical foundations and factors affecting violence against women. Second International Conference on Humanities, Law, Social Studies, and Psychology.https://civilica.com/doc/1464805
15.
Khosravi, F. (2016). Learning violence from the perspective of social learning theory. Neeloofar Cultural Website.
16.
Agnew, R. (1992). Foundation for a general strain theory of crime and delinquency. Criminology, 30(1), 47-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01093.x
17.
Azizi, J., & Mahmoudi, A. (2015). Examining structural and cultural theories and psychological violence against women. Journal of Women and Culture, 7(26), 7-18.
18.
Yllö, K. A., & Straus, M. A. (2016). Patriarchy and violence against women and girls. In The handbook of family violence (pp. 45-62). Routledge.
19.
Anderson, K. L. (2021). Gender, power, and violence: A sociological perspective. Gender & Society, 35(4), 512-538. https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432211029312
20.
Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241-1299. https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039
21.
Hosseini, S., & Rezaei, M. (2023). Intersectional analysis of domestic violence in migrant communities. Journal of Social Issues, 79(2), 345-367. https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12543
22.
United Nations. (1993). Declaration on the elimination of violence against women. https://www.un.org/en/documents/declaration-violence-against-women
23.
Council of Europe. (2011). Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence. https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention
24
. قانون مجازات اسلامی. ) 139۲ (. مجلس شورای اسلامی ایران. 91۰47https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/
25.
Hosseini, S., & Mohammadi, A. (2022). Legal analysis of honor killings in Iranian criminal law. Journal of Legal Studies, 15(3), 112-130.
26.
Rahimi, M., & Ghasemi, N. (2023). Gaps in Iranian domestic violence laws: A human rights perspective. Iranian Journal of Criminology, 10(2), 45-67.
27.
UK Parliament. (2021). Domestic Abuse Act 2021. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2021/17/contents
28.
U.S. Department of Justice. (2020). Violence Against Women Act: Overview. https://www.justice.gov/ovw/violence-against-women-act
29.
Weizmann-Henelius, G., Grönroos, M., Putkonen, H., Eronen, M., Lindberg, N., & Häkkänen-Nyholm, H. (2012). Gender-specific risk factors for intimate partner homicide: A nationwide register-based study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(8), 1519-1539. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260511425793
30.
Campbell, J. C., Glass, N., Sharps, P. W., Laughon, K., & Bloom, T. (2007). Intimate partner homicide: Review and implications of research and policy. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 8(3), 246-269. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838007303505
31.
Smith, E. L., & Zahn, M. A. (2005). Intimate partner homicide: An overview. NIJ Journal, 254, 8-14.
32.
Websdale, N. (2010). Familicidal hearts: The emotional styles of 211 killers. Oxford University Press.
33.
Echeburúa, E., Fernández-Montalvo, J., & Corral, P. (2009). Psychological profile of women who kill their intimate partners. Psicothema, 21(4), 548-554.
34.
Eth, S., & Pynoos, R. S. (2004). Developmental perspective on psychic trauma in childhood. In C. R. Figley (Ed.), Trauma and its wake (pp. 36-52). Brunner/Mazel.
35.
Nejatizade, A., Roozbeh, N., Pormehr-Yabandeh, A., Dabiri, F., Kamjoo, A., & Shahi, A. (2017). Prevalence of domestic violence on pregnant women and maternal and neonatal outcomes in bandar abbas, iran. Electronic Physician, 9(8), 5166-5171. https://doi.org/10.19082/5166
36.
Dehghan, M., Ferdosi, H., Abazari, F., & Farokhzadian, J. (2020). Maternal-fetal attachment and domestic violence in iranian and afghan pregnant women: a cross-cultural study.. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-107804/v1
37.
Nouri, R., Nadrian, H., Yari, A., Bakri, G., Ansari, B., & Ghazizadeh, A. (2012). Prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence against women in marivan county, iran. Journal of Family Violence, 27(5), 391-399. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-012-9440-6
38.
Sharma, A., Mahajan, C., Saraswathy, K., Puri, M., & Babu, N. (2022). Struggling with primary infertility: psychological well-being and associated factors in north indian women. Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India, 71(1), 68-83. https://doi.org/10.1177/2277436x211073849
