Thermophysical Properties and Hydration Behavior of L-Proline in the Presence of Mono-, Bis-, and Tris-(2-Hydroxyethyl) Ammonium Acetate Protic Ionic Liquids
Keywords:
Hydration behavior, L-proline, Protic ionic liquids, Volumetric properties, Viscosity B-coefficient, COSMOAbstract
The hydration behavior of amino acids, which is vital for understanding the solvation of biological macromolecules, is significantly influenced by ammonium-based biomaterials. Protic ionic liquids (PILs) have garnered considerable attention in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to their non-toxic nature and tunable physicochemical properties. Consequently, investigating the hydration behavior of amino acids such as L-proline in the presence of PILs is essential for advancing our understanding of these interactions. In this study, the impact of PILs including mono-, bis-, and tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium acetate, which may occur naturally in the human body on the hydration behavior of L-proline was examined using COSMO-based calculations and thermophysical measurements. Experimental data, including density, speed of sound, viscosity, and refractive index, were collected for ternary solutions of L-proline, PILs, and water at various PIL concentrations across the temperature range of 298.15–318.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The results indicate that L-proline exhibits weaker interactions with water molecules compared to PILs ([2-HEA][Ac], [bis-2-HEA][Ac], and [tris-2-HEA][Ac]), primarily due to its compact structure and lower negative dielectric energy. In contrast, PILs form stronger hydrogen bonds with water molecules, leading to enhanced interactions. The hydration layer around L-proline is disrupted with increasing temperature, resulting in the release of more water molecules compared to PIL solutions. This effect is most pronounced for [tris-2-HEA][Ac], likely due to its larger molecular size and more intricate structure. While L-proline facilitates the formation of a more ordered water structure, PILs may interfere with this ordering by reorganizing water molecules and establishing their own hydrogen bonding networks.
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