Immobilization of a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent on PVA Nanofibers without Morphological Disruption: Toward Green Pharmaceutical Analysis

Parisa  Khodayari; Homeira   Ebrahimzadeh

نویسندگان

Parisa Khodayari Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran نویسنده
Homeira Ebrahimzadeh Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran نویسنده

کلمات کلیدی:

Immobilization, Green QuEChERS, Hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent, Anti-diabetic drugs

چکیده

In this research, a green and reproducible Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged Safe (QuEChERS) method based on syringe filter based micro-solid phase extraction (SF-µSPE) coupled with HPLC-UV using a green sorbent was developed and optimized for the extraction of five anti-diabetic drugs from wastewater, serum, and plasma real samples. A novel green sorbent composed of a liquid mixture of thymol: menthol ([Thy]:[Men], 1:1) hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent (HNADES) and curcumin (Cur) immobilized into the non-toxic and biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun nanofibers’ mat was synthesized simply via cheap equipment. Cur was added to enhance the hydrophobicity and functionality of the sorbent. The immobilization process was performed by soaking the mat in the liquid mixture for a specific duration. The correct synthesis and experimental molar ratio of the HNADES components were confirmed by NMR (¹H and ¹³C) and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The prepared green sorbent (Cur-HNADES/PVA) was characterized using ATR-FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX/EDX mapping analysis, and water contact angle (WCA) measurement, and it exhibited satisfactory adsorption capacity for the target analytes.

Under optimal conditions (pH = 6.0, adsorption cycle = 3, sample volume = 5.0 mL, desorption cycle = 1, type and volume of elution = 80:20 %v/v MeOH/ACN and 500.0 µL), the method was validated in terms of specificity, linear dynamic ranges (LDRs = 0.1-2000.0 µg L^-1and 0.1-1800.0 µg L^-1), limits of detection (LODs = 0.03-0.09 µg L^-1), and precision (within-day RSDs% = 0.32-1.45% and between-day RSDs% = 0.59-2.03%). Evaluation of the greenness aspects of the proposed method was accomplished using the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and Analytical GREEnness (AGREE) approaches. It is noteworthy that the conducted research represents the first report on the synthesis and application of this novel and green sorbent for the determination of anti-diabetic drugs in the mentioned real samples.

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بیوگرافی نویسندگان

Parisa Khodayari، Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Homeira Ebrahimzadeh، Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

مراجع

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