Error Analysis in a New Context:A Discourse Study of Errors in General Linguistics and CALL
Keywords:
Error analysis, CALL, Language, ComputerAbstract
This study investigated the nature of error analysis in the application of computer in second language learning. Nowadays, this discipline is named Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL). Whileerror analysis theory in general linguistics has already been defined (e.g.:Menyuk, 1971; Dulay, Burt &Krashen, 1982; Keshavarz, 2011) there is no clear and accredited error analysis theory or classification in CALL yet. So this study has been conducted to see whether the nature of errors in CALL is differed from that of general linguistics or not. In this study, after an overall introduction to error analysis, error analysis in CALL has been investigated. The findings suggest that a new classification of error types in CALL can be proposed.
Downloads
References
Brown, H. D. (1980). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching.London: Prentice HallInc.
Corder, S. P. (1967).The significance of Errors. International Review of Applied Linguistics
inLanguage Teaching (IRAL), 4, 163-167
Cowan, R., Choi, H.E. and Kim, D.H. (2003). Four Questions for Error Diagnosis and Correction in
CALL.CALICOJournal 20 (3), 451-63.
Dodigovic, M. (2005).Artificial Intelligence in Second Language learning .Dublin: Cromwell Press
Ltd.
Doughty, C. (2001). Cognitive underpinnings of focus on form.In P. Robinson (ed.) Cognitive and
Second Language Instruction (pp. 206-57). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dulay, H. C., Burt, M. K., &Krashen, S. D. (1982).Language Two. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Ehsani, F. and Knodt, E. (1998). Speech Technology in Computer-Aided Language Learning:
Strength and Limitations of a New CALL Paradigm. Language Learning and Technology
2(1), 46-60
Ellis, R. (1996). The Study of Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Eskenazi, M. (1999)."Using Automatic Speech Processing for Foreign Language Pronunciation
Tutoring: Some Issues and a Prototype."Language Learning and Technology” 2(2)
Garrett, N. (1995).ICALL and second language acquisition.In V.M. Holland, J.D.
Gregg, K. R. (2001). Learnability and Second Language Acquisition Theory. In P. Robinson (ed.).
Cognitive and Second Language Instruction (pp.152-82). Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Heift, T. and Schulze, M. (2003) Error diagnosis and error correction in CALL.CALICO Journal 20
(3), 437–50.
Holland, V.M, J.D. and Sams, M.R. (1995) Intelligent Language Tutors. Mahwah:Lawrence Erlbaum.
Holland, V. M., Maisano, R., Alderks, C., & Martin, J. (1993). Parsers in Tutors: What are theygood
for? CALICO Journal, 11(1), 28-46.
Huang, J. (2002) Error Analysis in English Teaching: A Review of Studies. Retrieved12/11/2011 from
lib.csghs.tp.edu.tw/.../03ERROR%20ANALYSIS.pdfJames, C. (1980).Contrastive Analysis
London: Longman.
James, C. (1998). Errors in Language Learning and Use.Exploring Error Analysis. London:
(Longman).
Johanson, S. (1975).The uses of error analysis and contrastive analysis.English Language
Teaching,29, (3), (246-253).
Keshavarz, M.H, (1993). Contrastive Analysis & Error Analysis (52-64). Tehran: Rahnama Press.
Keshavarz, M.H, (2011). Contrastive Analysis & Error Analysis (Updated and Enlarged Version).
Tehran: Rahnama Press.
Kirkgoz, Y. (2010). An analysis of Written Errors of Turkish Adult Learners of English.Procedia
Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(1), 4352-4358.
Kreindler, I. (1998). Designing Feedback that is Hard to Ignore: A Boost from Multimedia . In K.
Cameron (ed.). Multimedia CALL:Theory and Practice (243-50). Exeter: Elm Bank
Publications.
L’Haire, S. and Faltin, A. V. (2003) .Error Diagnosis in the Free Text Project. CALICOJournal 20 (3),
481–495.
Lightbown, P. M., &Spada, N.(2010). How languages are learned (Third Ed). Oxford:
OxfordUniversity Press
Maingard, C. (1999). Evolutionary Epistemology in Language Learning-Possible Implications for
CALL.ReCALL Journal 11(1), 80-92.
McKeating, D. (1981). Error Analysis.In Keshavarz, M.H, (1993).Contrastive Analysis &
ErrorAnalysis.Tehran: Rahnama Press.
Meenakshi, R. (2004). Foreign Language Study. Available from
books.google.com/books?isbn=8126903287…
Menyuk, P. H.(1971). The acquisition and development of language. Englewood Cliffs, New
Jersey::Prentice-Hall Inc.
Mitchell, R. and Morton, J. (1998).Second Language Learning Theories. London: Arnold.
O’ Grady, W., Dobrovolsky, M., Arnoff, M. (1997) .Contemporary Linguistics. Boston: Bedford/
St.Martin’s.
Oxford, R.L. (1995) Linking theories of learning with Intelligent Computer-Assisted
LanguageLearning (ICALL). In V.M. Holland, J.D. Kaplan and M.R. Sams
(eds).IntelligentLanguage Tutors (pp. 359–70). Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Richards, J. C. (1971). A Non Contrastive Analysis Approach to Error Analysis.English
LanguageTeaching, 25, (3), (204-214)
Richards, J. C. (1974). Error Analysis: Perspectives on Second Language Acquisition.
London:Longman
Schmitt, N. (2002). An Introduction to Applied Linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press.
Schulze, M. (1999). From the Developer to the Learner: Describing Grammar-LearningGrammar.
ReCALL Journal 11 (1), 117-24.
Schulze, M. (2001). Human Language Technologies in Computer- Assisted Languagelearning. In
Chambers & G. Davies (Eds.), ICT and Language Learning: AEuropean Perspective Liss:
Swets&Zeitlinger.
Schumann, J., &Stenson, N. (1974).New Frontiers in Second Language Learning. (Eds.) Rowley,
MA: Newbury House Publishers.
Schmitt, M. (2003). Grammatical Errors and Feedback: Some Theoretical Insights.CALICO Journal,
20(3), 437-450.
Sridhar, S. N. (1981). Contrastive analysis, error analysis, and interlanguage.Three phases ofone
goal. In
Tschichold, C. (2003). Lexically Driven Error Detection and Correction.CALICO Journal20(3) 54-59.
Yoshii, R. and A. Milne (1995)."Analysis of and Feedback for free from answers in English
andRomanized Japanese."CALICO Journal 12(2), 59-88.
Wresch, W. (1993).The imminence of grading essays by computer – 25 years later. Computersand
Composition 10 (2), 45–58.
