Title: Smart Water Quality Monitoring in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries ،Case Study of Bidboland Gas Refinery

Abstract

Water, as one of the most critical process fluids in the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries, plays a significant role in the optimal performance of equipment, operational stability, and product quality (19, 16). Any undesirable change in water quality parameters can lead to disorders such as severe equipment corrosion, formation of deposits in heat exchangers, reduced efficiency of cooling systems, and increased operating costs (12, 13, 4). Therefore, accurate and continuous monitoring of water parameters is of utmost importance (19, 4). The aim of this research is to investigate, analyze, and compare modern methods for measuring water parameters in the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries with a smart approach, compared to traditional measurement methods. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. The data were collected through library studies, reliable scientific sources, industrial standards, and technical reports (5).  Research results indicate that traditional measurement methods face significant limitations due to their discontinuous nature, dependence on human resources, and delays in providing results (4, 20). In contrast, new technologies, including electrochemical sensors, optical sensors, online analyzers, Internet of Things (IoT)-based systems, and advanced data analysis algorithms, enable real-time monitoring, reduce human error, and significantly improve operational decision-making (10, 14, 11). In addition, results indicate that the use of these technologies can improve operational efficiency and reduce long-term costs in the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries by reducing corrosion rates (13), controlling deposits more effectively (6), optimizing chemical consumption (6), and extending equipment life (12).