The effect of isolated-exosomes from human umbilical cord Wharton jelly stem cells on expression of driver genes in ovarian cancer cell line

Abstract

Background: Ovarian cancer is a prevalent cancer among Iranian and global women, with high death rates due to early detection and lack of early diagnostic techniques. The spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM) and Minichromosome maintenance complex component (MCM7) genes are crucial for tumor genesis, invasion, and metastasis, and abnormal expression can lead to tumor emergence. It has been showed that exosome from Wharton jelly stem cells effectively inhibit cancer cell growth in patients. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of exosomes isolated from Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MCSs) on the expression of ASPM and MCM7 genes in the ovarian cancer OVCAR-3 cell line

Method and Material: After the primary culture of WJ-MCSs, culture medium was prepared, and exosome was extracted using the exosome kit. The SEM microscope and western blot technique were used to check the validity of the extracted exosome. The OVCAR-3 cell line was cultured and treated with different concentration of exosomes. The MTT test and wound healing assay were used to investigate the inhibitory effects of the Wharton jelly stem cell exosome (WJ-MSCs-Exo) on OVCAR-3 cancer cells. After mRNA extraction, the expression of the ASPM and MCM7 genes was evaluated using the qPCR method in the WJ-MSCs-Exo-treated OVCAR-3 cell.

Results: Exosome extraction was confirmed by western blotting of CD-81, CD63, and CD-9 and SEM technique. The MTT and wound healing assay tests showed that the WJ-MSCs-Exo significantly reduced the migration and decreased the viability of OVCAR-3 cells, respectively. Moreover, the mRNA expression of ASPM and MCM7 was considerably elevated in OVCAR-3 cells treatment with WJ-MSCs-Exo (p< 0.05)

Conclusion: Overall, WJ-MSCs-Exo could prevent significantly cell growth and migration of ovarian cancer OVCAR-3 cell line in a concentration-dependent manner. This findigs could be associated by modulating the expression of genes increased expression of ASPM and MCM7 genes.